Oil burner



May 15, 1945. N. A. AR'vlNs EI'AL OIL BURNER Filed June 12, 1942 ATTORNEY Patented May 15, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 01L BURNER Application June 12, 1942, Serial No. 446,816

Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and particularly apparatus of this kind commonly referred to as the gun type of burner and the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the kind defined employing an oil discharge tube having a nozzle'or cup end rotated at high speed in controlling discharge of fuel from the nozzle; further in coupling with the fuel tube a large air circulating fan for discharging air around the nozzle or oil cup in producing the desired combustible mixture at the discharge of the burner, and also in controlling the secondary air supply around the air nozzle and into the combustion chamber of the boiler, furnace or other heating apparatus; a further object being to provide an oil dispensing or distributing sleeve around the oil tube, controlling distribution of fuel to the tube in the high speed rotation thereof, and with these and other objects in view, the invention consists in an oil burner apparatus which is of simple construction and which is constructed as more fully here nafter described.

The accompanying drawing shows a longltudinal sectional view through a burner made according to our invention with part of the construction shown in elevation.

Before proceeding with the detail description of the drawing, it is pointed out that substantially all of the pipe lines including the mechanisms and devices of the complete burner are omitted in order to simplify the disclosure, particularly in that these devices in themselves form no part of the present invention, which deals with the burner structure.

In the drawing, I represents the burner plate. to which is secured a Venturi cone 2 which controls the supply of secondary air to the fire box of the boiler, furnace or other apparatus in conjunction with which the oil burner is used.

At 3 is shown a casing having at end portions 40 thereof ball bearings 4. in which is rotatably mounted an elongated shaft and oil feed tube 5.

At one end of the shaft 5 is one part 6 of a flexible coupling. the other part 1 of which. is

arranged upon the shaft 8 of an electric motor 45 16 cal discharge 28.

5 by a butterfly valve or shutter 22 which may be manually or otherwise operated. Arranged in the housing I9, 20 is a large fan 23 keyed to the shaft 5, as seen at 24. Arranged upon theinner surface of the part 20 of the housing are .a plurality of circumferentially spaced bafilefins or blades 25, which may be slightly curved and these blades control distribution of air into a discharge neck or throat 26 of the housing part to an air discharge nozzle 21 having a coni- The nozzle 21 is adjustably supported in connection with the part 20 by a set screw 29.

The forward tubular end of the shaft 5, formed by the bore or passage l4, has one reduced 20 threaded portion 30, with which a conical oil cup or discharge nozzle 3| is coupled. Said end has a further reduced threaded portion 32, with which a nozzle tip 33 is coupled. The tip 33 has a radial discharge passage 34 which communicates with a chamber 35 in the tip and into which the passage l4 opens. The cup 33 may be used as a lock-nut retaining the cup 3| in difierent positions of adjustment. By virtue of adjustments provided, the air and oil nozzles may be positioned with respect to each other and to the venturi 2.

Secured to suitable lugs 36 on the inner surface of the part 20 of the fan housing is a ring or disc 3'! which forms a support for an oil feed 35 housing or sleeve 38 arranged upon the tubular end portion of the shaft 5. Within the housing is an oil dispensing or distributing ring 39, sealed at its ends by suitable packings 40, com ress on .of which is controlled by the gland 4|. The rim! 39 is reduced, as seen at 42, intermediate the ends thereof and this reduced portion has a series of longitudinally and circumferentially spaced apertures 43. A plurality of apertures 44 are also provided in the shaft 5, said apen tures opening into the passage l4 and into the inner annular chamber 45 formed between the reduced part 42 of the ring and the shaft 5. This reduced part also forms an outer annular chamber 48, into which oil is fed through the supply pipe or tube l 3.

Secured to the casing 3, where the shaft 5 protrudes therethrough to receive the coupling '6, is a bearing retaining plate 41 supporting a suitable oil seal and at the other end of the casin is another bearing retaining plate 48 also supporting a suitable packing.

In the operation of the burner, it will be understood that in the high speed rotation of the shaft 5, the fuel will be discharged from the nozzle tip 33 into the conical cup or oil nozzle 3| and drawn by the air discharged from the air nozzle into the combustion chamber, the fuel also mixing withthe secondary air supply, which enters the combustion chamber around the air nozzle 28 through the venturi cone. In the initial start of the burner, the centrifugal force upon the fuel in the high speed rotation of the shaft 5 will tend to retard supply of fuel oil to the discharge nozzle or, in other words, retard it sufliciently to avoid flooding; thus quicker and more efficient starting is experienced. Furthermore, this action operates to maintain or govcm the fuel discharge, so as to provide at all times a minimum amount of fuel discharged, which results in better combustion and minimizes carbon formation. The dispenser or' distributor ring also breaks up direct flow and distributes the oil to the annular chamber 45 so that the oil may be picked up by the ports 44, which are constantly registering with this chamber. The air bafiie fins or blades 25, which are preferably curved, also break up the air flow in a manner to whirl the air in its discharge through the'air nozzle which improves the mixing. of air. and fuel in producing the desired combustible mixture; and the secondary air supplied through the venturi in addition to aiding in the production of the mixture, also builds up around the torch-like flame 'a shield which operates to lengthen the flame. This would be desirable in some types and kinds of installations,.particularly where the burner is used in. conjunction with long fire boxes.

Having fully, described our invention; what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1..In an oil burner, comprising a casing, a motor driven shaft arranged in the casing withthe ends thereof projecting from opposed ends of the casing, an oil discharge device adjustably mounted .on one end of said shaft, a sleeve on the shaft inwardly of and adjacent said device, an oil sup ply tube coupled with said sleeve, said end portion of the shaft having an oil discharge passage opening into said device, said shaft having ports adjacent said tube opening into said passage, and distributing means independent of and arranged between the shaft and said sleeve extending parallel to that part of the shaft having the ports therein for supply of oil from said tube to the discharge passage of said shaftwhile said shaft is rotated.

2. In an oil burner, comprising a casing, a motor driven shaft arranged in the casing with the ends thereof projecting from opposed ends of the casing, an oil discharge device a'djustably mounted on one end of said shaft, a slee'veon the shaft inwardly of and adjacent said device, an oil supply tube coupled with said sleeve, said end portion of the shaft having an oil discharge passage opening into said device, said shaft having ports adjacent said tube openinginto said passage, .distributing means independent of and arranged be.- tween the shaft andsaidsleeve extending parallel to that part of the shaft having theports ends thereof projecting from opposed ends of the casing, an oil discharge device adjustably mounted on one end of said shaft, a sleeve on the shaft inwardly of and adjacent said device, an oil supply tube coupled with said sleeve, said end portion of the shaft having an oil discharge passage opening into' said device, said shaft having ports adjacent said tube opening into said passage, distributing means independent of and arranged between the shaft and said sleeve extending parallel to that part of the shaft having the ports therein for supply of oil from said tube to the discharge passage of said shaft while said shaft is rotated, said means comprising a ring forming around said shaft an outer annular oil supply chamber and an inner annular oil distributing chamber, the ring having circumferentially spaced perforations placing said chambers in communication, and means sealing said ring in said sleeve and around said shaft.

4. In an oil burner, a drive shaft, means rotating said shaft at high speed, an oil discharge device at one end of the shaft, said end portion of the shaft being tubular in form to provide therein anoil passage opening into said device, the shaft having ports communicating with said passage, a sleeve on the shaft inwardly of said device, an oil supply tube coupled with said sleeve, a ring arranged in the sleeve and on said shaft around and extending longitudinally over that part of the shaft having the ports therein, said ring forming an outer annular supply chamber communicating with said tube and an inner circumferential distributing chamber communicating with the ports of said shaft, and said ring having circumferentially spaced apertures placing the supply chamber and distributing chamber in communication.

5. In an oil burner, a drive shaft, means rotating said shaft athigh speed, an oil discharge device at one end of the shaft, said end portion of the shaft being tubular in form to provide therein an oil passage opening into said device, the shaft having ports communicating with said .passage, a sleeve on the shaft inwardly of said device, an oil supply tube coupled with said sleeve,

a ring arranged in the sleeve and on said shaft around and extending longitudinally over that part of the shaft having the ports therein, said ring forming an outer annular supply chamber communicating with said tube and an inner circumferential distributing chamber communicating with the ports of said shaft, said ring having circumferentially spaced apertures placing the supply chamber and distributing chamber in communication, and means for sealing the ring ends between said sleeve and shaft beyond end limits of the ports in said shaft.

NATHAN A. ARvrNs. ABRAHAM A. ARVINTZ., 

